Product Description

Commercial Glute drive fitness gym equipment(AXD-M2571)

*SPECIFICATIONS

*FEATURES

*COLOR OPTIONS

*About AXD FITNESS

ZheJiang Aoxinde Fitness Equipment Co.,Ltd located in the manufacturing base of North China-HangZhou City. which covering 80000 square meter, more than 300 workers , we are professional manufacturer and exporter that is concerned with the design, development and production of fitness equipment.

Our main produces including full range of pin loaded , plate loaded , strength machines, commercial treadmill, spinning bike, gym equipment, gym accessory products etc

As a result of our high quality products and outstanding customer service, we have gained a global sales network CZPT India,Indonesia Sri Lanka, Singapore,Malaysia,Russia,Greece,Egypt,Turkey,Poland,Chile,Brazil more than 60 countries.

We sincerely welcome you to visit our factory!

*FAQ

Q1:How long about the lead time?
A1:Within 15-30 Working Days after deposit.

Q2:What is the MOQ?
A2:Trial order is available,1 set for strength equipment and 5 sets for treadmill or exercise bike.

Q3:How about the payment?
A3:We support the T/T(30% deposit,70% balance before delivery) and L/C at sight.

Q4:How about your after-service?

A4:We’ll provide 1% of amount  spare parts for free together with bulk .
     Engineers and professional after service team will follow up all problems.

Q5:How about your warranty coverage?
A5:

Q6: I do not know how to assemble the goods, could you help me?
A6:Yes, we have the installation instructions and label No. which can help you assemble the goods. 
      If you still have problem with installation,we can take videos for you.

*PACKING&DELIVERY

1)Plywood case and carton(disassembled),protect the machines.
2)Nude packing(assembled) covered with blanket,no need to install when you receive.
3)Nude packing(disassembled) covered with blanket,save more space of container.

*CERTIFICATION

*RELATED  NAME

 

Driveshaft structure and vibrations associated with it

The structure of the drive shaft is critical to its efficiency and reliability. Drive shafts typically contain claw couplings, rag joints and universal joints. Other drive shafts have prismatic or splined joints. Learn about the different types of drive shafts and how they work. If you want to know the vibrations associated with them, read on. But first, let’s define what a driveshaft is.

transmission shaft

As the demand on our vehicles continues to increase, so does the demand on our drive systems. Higher CO2 emission standards and stricter emission standards increase the stress on the drive system while improving comfort and shortening the turning radius. These and other negative effects can place significant stress and wear on components, which can lead to driveshaft failure and increase vehicle safety risks. Therefore, the drive shaft must be inspected and replaced regularly.
Depending on your model, you may only need to replace 1 driveshaft. However, the cost to replace both driveshafts ranges from $650 to $1850. Additionally, you may incur labor costs ranging from $140 to $250. The labor price will depend on your car model and its drivetrain type. In general, however, the cost of replacing a driveshaft ranges from $470 to $1850.
Regionally, the automotive driveshaft market can be divided into 4 major markets: North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, and Rest of the World. North America is expected to dominate the market, while Europe and Asia Pacific are expected to grow the fastest. Furthermore, the market is expected to grow at the highest rate in the future, driven by economic growth in the Asia Pacific region. Furthermore, most of the vehicles sold globally are produced in these regions.
The most important feature of the driveshaft is to transfer the power of the engine to useful work. Drive shafts are also known as propeller shafts and cardan shafts. In a vehicle, a propshaft transfers torque from the engine, transmission, and differential to the front or rear wheels, or both. Due to the complexity of driveshaft assemblies, they are critical to vehicle safety. In addition to transmitting torque from the engine, they must also compensate for deflection, angular changes and length changes.

type

Different types of drive shafts include helical shafts, gear shafts, worm shafts, planetary shafts and synchronous shafts. Radial protruding pins on the head provide a rotationally secure connection. At least 1 bearing has a groove extending along its circumferential length that allows the pin to pass through the bearing. There can also be 2 flanges on each end of the shaft. Depending on the application, the shaft can be installed in the most convenient location to function.
Propeller shafts are usually made of high-quality steel with high specific strength and modulus. However, they can also be made from advanced composite materials such as carbon fiber, Kevlar and fiberglass. Another type of propeller shaft is made of thermoplastic polyamide, which is stiff and has a high strength-to-weight ratio. Both drive shafts and screw shafts are used to drive cars, ships and motorcycles.
Sliding and tubular yokes are common components of drive shafts. By design, their angles must be equal or intersect to provide the correct angle of operation. Unless the working angles are equal, the shaft vibrates twice per revolution, causing torsional vibrations. The best way to avoid this is to make sure the 2 yokes are properly aligned. Crucially, these components have the same working angle to ensure smooth power flow.
The type of drive shaft varies according to the type of motor. Some are geared, while others are non-geared. In some cases, the drive shaft is fixed and the motor can rotate and steer. Alternatively, a flexible shaft can be used to control the speed and direction of the drive. In some applications where linear power transmission is not possible, flexible shafts are a useful option. For example, flexible shafts can be used in portable devices.

put up

The construction of the drive shaft has many advantages over bare metal. A shaft that is flexible in multiple directions is easier to maintain than a shaft that is rigid in other directions. The shaft body and coupling flange can be made of different materials, and the flange can be made of a different material than the main shaft body. For example, the coupling flange can be made of steel. The main shaft body is preferably flared on at least 1 end, and the at least 1 coupling flange includes a first generally frustoconical projection extending into the flared end of the main shaft body.
The normal stiffness of fiber-based shafts is achieved by the orientation of parallel fibers along the length of the shaft. However, the bending stiffness of this shaft is reduced due to the change in fiber orientation. Since the fibers continue to travel in the same direction from the first end to the second end, the reinforcement that increases the torsional stiffness of the shaft is not affected. In contrast, a fiber-based shaft is also flexible because it uses ribs that are approximately 90 degrees from the centerline of the shaft.
In addition to the helical ribs, the drive shaft 100 may also contain reinforcing elements. These reinforcing elements maintain the structural integrity of the shaft. These reinforcing elements are called helical ribs. They have ribs on both the outer and inner surfaces. This is to prevent shaft breakage. These elements can also be shaped to be flexible enough to accommodate some of the forces generated by the drive. Shafts can be designed using these methods and made into worm-like drive shafts.

vibration

The most common cause of drive shaft vibration is improper installation. There are 5 common types of driveshaft vibration, each related to installation parameters. To prevent this from happening, you should understand what causes these vibrations and how to fix them. The most common types of vibration are listed below. This article describes some common drive shaft vibration solutions. It may also be beneficial to consider the advice of a professional vibration technician for drive shaft vibration control.
If you’re not sure if the problem is the driveshaft or the engine, try turning on the stereo. Thicker carpet kits can also mask vibrations. Nonetheless, you should contact an expert as soon as possible. If vibration persists after vibration-related repairs, the driveshaft needs to be replaced. If the driveshaft is still under warranty, you can repair it yourself.
CV joints are the most common cause of third-order driveshaft vibration. If they are binding or fail, they need to be replaced. Alternatively, your CV joints may just be misaligned. If it is loose, you can check the CV connector. Another common cause of drive shaft vibration is improper assembly. Improper alignment of the yokes on both ends of the shaft can cause them to vibrate.
Incorrect trim height can also cause driveshaft vibration. Correct trim height is necessary to prevent drive shaft wobble. Whether your vehicle is new or old, you can perform some basic fixes to minimize problems. One of these solutions involves balancing the drive shaft. First, use the hose clamps to attach the weights to it. Next, attach an ounce of weight to it and spin it. By doing this, you minimize the frequency of vibration.

cost

The global driveshaft market is expected to exceed (xxx) million USD by 2028, growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of XX%. Its soaring growth can be attributed to several factors, including increasing urbanization and R&D investments by leading market players. The report also includes an in-depth analysis of key market trends and their impact on the industry. Additionally, the report provides a comprehensive regional analysis of the Driveshaft Market.
The cost of replacing the drive shaft depends on the type of repair required and the cause of the failure. Typical repair costs range from $300 to $750. Rear-wheel drive cars usually cost more. But front-wheel drive vehicles cost less than four-wheel drive vehicles. You may also choose to try repairing the driveshaft yourself. However, it is important to do your research and make sure you have the necessary tools and equipment to perform the job properly.
The report also covers the competitive landscape of the Drive Shafts market. It includes graphical representations, detailed statistics, management policies, and governance components. Additionally, it includes a detailed cost analysis. Additionally, the report presents views on the COVID-19 market and future trends. The report also provides valuable information to help you decide how to compete in your industry. When you buy a report like this, you are adding credibility to your work.
A quality driveshaft can improve your game by ensuring distance from the tee and improving responsiveness. The new material in the shaft construction is lighter, stronger and more responsive than ever before, so it is becoming a key part of the driver. And there are a variety of options to suit any budget. The main factor to consider when buying a shaft is its quality. However, it’s important to note that quality doesn’t come cheap and you should always choose an axle based on what your budget can handle.

Product Description

Foldable Electric Power Wheelchair with Front Wheel Drive

FAQ

Q: Where is your factory located? How can I visit you?
A: Our factory is located in medical devices production zone, Xihu (West Lake) Dis. District, HangZhou City which is near the capital ZheJiang . You can fly to ZheJiang Capital International airport. Then take 1 hour high speed train to our city.

Q: What are your own-produce products?
A: We produce hospital beds, home nursing beds, anti-bedsore air mattresses by ourselves. We can get very reasonable prices and high quality related products for you. Such as wheelchairs, walking aids, crutches, commode chairs, medical protective equipment.

Q: What are your payment terms?
A: T/T and L/C are the most common use payment terms. We also have rich experiences in D/P, DA and other payment terms. We will do what we can do to provide advantages.

Q: Do you accept OEM or ODM orders?
A: OEM and ODM orders is highly welcomed. Please contact our sales for our OEM and ODM cases for your kindly information.

Q: What is your QA/QC policy?
A: We have complete QA/QC regulations and strictly obey the regulations during the all production procedures. Please ask for the regulations and cases from our sales directly.

Q: What’s your warranty policy?
A: We provide 1 year warranty for our products. Send us pictures or videos to the sales, we will provide after-sales services for you.

What Are the Advantages of a Splined Shaft?

If you are looking for the right splined shaft for your machine, you should know a few important things. First, what type of material should be used? Stainless steel is usually the most appropriate choice, because of its ability to offer low noise and fatigue failure. Secondly, it can be machined using a slotting or shaping machine. Lastly, it will ensure smooth motion. So, what are the advantages of a splined shaft?
Stainless steel is the best material for splined shafts

When choosing a splined shaft, you should consider its hardness, quality, and finish. Stainless steel has superior corrosion and wear resistance. Carbon steel is another good material for splined shafts. Carbon steel has a shallow carbon content (about 1.7%), which makes it more malleable and helps ensure smooth motion. But if you’re not willing to spend the money on stainless steel, consider other options.
There are 2 main types of splines: parallel splines and crowned splines. Involute splines have parallel grooves and allow linear and rotary motion. Helical splines have involute teeth and are oriented at an angle. This type allows for many teeth on the shaft and minimizes the stress concentration in the stationary joint.
Large evenly spaced splines are widely used in hydraulic systems, drivetrains, and machine tools. They are typically made from carbon steel (CR10) and stainless steel (AISI 304). This material is durable and meets the requirements of ISO 14-B, formerly DIN 5463-B. Splined shafts are typically made of stainless steel or C45 steel, though there are many other materials available.
Stainless steel is the best material for a splined shaft. This metal is also incredibly affordable. In most cases, stainless steel is the best choice for these shafts because it offers the best corrosion resistance. There are many different types of splined shafts, and each 1 is suited for a particular application. There are also many different types of stainless steel, so choose stainless steel if you want the best quality.
For those looking for high-quality splined shafts, CZPT Spline Shafts offer many benefits. They can reduce costs, improve positional accuracy, and reduce friction. With the CZPT TFE coating, splined shafts can reduce energy and heat buildup, and extend the life of your products. And, they’re easy to install – all you need to do is install them.

They provide low noise, low wear and fatigue failure

The splines in a splined shaft are composed of 2 main parts: the spline root fillet and the spline relief. The spline root fillet is the most critical part, because fatigue failure starts there and propagates to the relief. The spline relief is more susceptible to fatigue failure because of its involute tooth shape, which offers a lower stress to the shaft and has a smaller area of contact.
The fatigue life of splined shafts is determined by measuring the S-N curve. This is also known as the Wohler curve, and it is the relationship between stress amplitude and number of cycles. It depends on the material, geometry and way of loading. It can be obtained from a physical test on a uniform material specimen under a constant amplitude load. Approximations for low-alloy steel parts can be made using a lower-alloy steel material.
Splined shafts provide low noise, minimal wear and fatigue failure. However, some mechanical transmission elements need to be removed from the shaft during assembly and manufacturing processes. The shafts must still be capable of relative axial movement for functional purposes. As such, good spline joints are essential to high-quality torque transmission, minimal backlash, and low noise. The major failure modes of spline shafts include fretting corrosion, tooth breakage, and fatigue failure.
The outer disc carrier spline is susceptible to tensile stress and fatigue failure. High customer demands for low noise and low wear and fatigue failure makes splined shafts an excellent choice. A fractured spline gear coupling was received for analysis. It was installed near the top of a filter shaft and inserted into the gearbox motor. The service history was unknown. The fractured spline gear coupling had longitudinally cracked and arrested at the termination of the spline gear teeth. The spline gear teeth also exhibited wear and deformation.
A new spline coupling method detects fault propagation in hollow cylindrical splined shafts. A spline coupling is fabricated using an AE method with the spline section unrolled into a metal plate of the same thickness as the cylinder wall. In addition, the spline coupling is misaligned, which puts significant concentration on the spline teeth. This further accelerates the rate of fretting fatigue and wear.
A spline joint should be lubricated after 25 hours of operation. Frequent lubrication can increase maintenance costs and cause downtime. Moreover, the lubricant may retain abrasive particles at the interfaces. In some cases, lubricants can even cause misalignment, leading to premature failure. So, the lubrication of a spline coupling is vital in ensuring proper functioning of the shaft.
The design of a spline coupling can be optimized to enhance its wear resistance and reliability. Surface treatments, loads, and rotation affect the friction properties of a spline coupling. In addition, a finite element method was developed to predict wear of a floating spline coupling. This method is feasible and provides a reliable basis for predicting the wear and fatigue life of a spline coupling.

They can be machined using a slotting or shaping machine

Machines can be used to shape splined shafts in a variety of industries. They are useful in many applications, including gearboxes, braking systems, and axles. A slotted shaft can be manipulated in several ways, including hobbling, broaching, and slotting. In addition to shaping, splines are also useful in reducing bar diameter.
When using a slotting or shaping machine, the workpiece is held against a pedestal that has a uniform thickness. The machine is equipped with a stand column and limiting column (Figure 1), each positioned perpendicular to the upper surface of the pedestal. The limiting column axis is located on the same line as the stand column. During the slotting or shaping process, the tool is fed in and out until the desired space is achieved.
One process involves cutting splines into a shaft. Straddle milling, spline shaping, and spline cutting are 2 common processes used to create splined shafts. Straddle milling involves a fixed indexing fixture that holds the shaft steady, while rotating milling cutters cut the groove in the length of the shaft. Several passes are required to ensure uniformity throughout the spline.
Splines are a type of gear. The ridges or teeth on the drive shaft mesh with grooves in the mating piece. A splined shaft allows the transmission of torque to a mate piece while maximizing the power transfer. Splines are used in heavy vehicles, construction, agriculture, and massive earthmoving machinery. Splines are used in virtually every type of rotary motion, from axles to transmission systems. They also offer better fatigue life and reliability.
Slotting or shaping machines can also be used to shape splined shafts. Slotting machines are often used to machine splined shafts, because it is easier to make them with these machines. Using a slotting or shaping machine can result in splined shafts of different sizes. It is important to follow a set of spline standards to ensure your parts are manufactured to the highest standards.
A milling machine is another option for producing splined shafts. A spline shaft can be set up between 2 centers in an indexing fixture. Two side milling cutters are mounted on an arbor and a spacer and shims are inserted between them. The arbor and cutters are then mounted to a milling machine spindle. To make sure the cutters center themselves over the splined shaft, an adjustment must be made to the spindle of the machine.
The machining process is very different for internal and external splines. External splines can be broached, shaped, milled, or hobbed, while internal splines cannot. These machines use hard alloy, but they are not as good for internal splines. A machine with a slotting mechanism is necessary for these operations.

Product Description

What is railway axle
Railway axles are generally used in railway vehicles and are mechanical parts that connect 2 train wheels.

Our Railway axle applications:
1. Our railway axle can be used in railway locomotives, trucks, passenger cars, and high-speed trains.
2. Our railway axle can meet the needs of high speed, high power, large diameter, heavy load, and different gauges.
3. Our railway axles can also be applied to axles for various urban rail vehicles.

In addition, I can also produce many types of engineering, industrial shafts and other products.

Production process of the railway axle:
1. Billet Steel Review 2. Cutting 3. Heating 4. Forging 5. Straightening 6. Heat Treatment 7. Sampling Test 8. Ultrasonic Inspection 9. Rough Machining 10. Semi-Finish Machining 11. Finish Machining 12. Granding 13.Magnetic Particle Testing 14. Packing

Packing&Shipping
Package : axles are fixed by wood frame and steel bars in wooden cases
Wooden cases : export wooden cases with fumigation certifications

Why choose CZPT Parets Railway Axle
1. We can provide various finished and semi-finished railway axles for railway rolling stock 2. Our factory has produced railway axles for more than 30 years and is an axle production company designated by the Chinese Ministry of Railways. 3. We have passed DB certification, AAR certification, and obtained Alstom’s B-level supplier qualification. We can mass produce axles that meet EN13261, AAR M101, UIC811 and Indian IRS R16 standards. 4. The axles we produce have been exported to Iran, Pakistan, Iraq, Egypt, Germany, India, Brazil, Chile, Myanmar, and other countries.

If you have any questions, pls feel free to contact us as below:

http:// /showroom/5fd55aec447165c4

MaHangZhou Ruika Metal Products Technology Co., Ltd.

Screw Sizes and Their Uses

Screws have different sizes and features. This article will discuss screw sizes and their uses. There are 2 main types: right-handed and left-handed screw shafts. Each screw features a point that drills into the object. Flat tipped screws, on the other hand, need a pre-drilled hole. These screw sizes are determined by the major and minor diameters. To determine which size of screw you need, measure the diameter of the hole and the screw bolt’s thread depth.

The major diameter of a screw shaft

The major diameter of a screw shaft is the distance from the outer edge of the thread on 1 side to the tip of the other. The minor diameter is the inner smooth part of the screw shaft. The major diameter of a screw is typically between 2 and 16 inches. A screw with a pointy tip has a smaller major diameter than 1 without. In addition, a screw with a larger major diameter will have a wider head and drive.
The thread of a screw is usually characterized by its pitch and angle of engagement. The pitch is the angle formed by the helix of a thread, while the crest forms the surface of the thread corresponding to the major diameter of the screw. The pitch angle is the angle between the gear axis and the pitch surface. Screws without self-locking threads have multiple starts, or helical threads.
The pitch is a crucial component of a screw’s threading system. Pitch is the distance from a given thread point to the corresponding point of the next thread on the same shaft. The pitch line is 1 element of pitch diameter. The pitch line, or lead, is a crucial dimension for the thread of a screw, as it controls the amount of thread that will advance during a single turn.

The pitch diameter of a screw shaft

When choosing the appropriate screw, it is important to know its pitch diameter and pitch line. The pitch line designates the distance between adjacent thread sides. The pitch diameter is also known as the mean area of the screw shaft. Both of these dimensions are important when choosing the correct screw. A screw with a pitch of 1/8 will have a mechanical advantage of 6.3. For more information, consult an application engineer at Roton.
The pitch diameter of a screw shaft is measured as the distance between the crest and the root of the thread. Threads that are too long or too short will not fit together in an assembly. To measure pitch, use a measuring tool with a metric scale. If the pitch is too small, it will cause the screw to loosen or get stuck. Increasing the pitch will prevent this problem. As a result, screw diameter is critical.
The pitch diameter of a screw shaft is measured from the crest of 1 thread to the corresponding point on the next thread. Measurement is made from 1 thread to another, which is then measured using the pitch. Alternatively, the pitch diameter can be approximated by averaging the major and minor diameters. In most cases, the pitch diameter of a screw shaft is equal to the difference between the two.

The thread depth of a screw shaft

Often referred to as the major diameter, the thread depth is the outermost diameter of the screw. To measure the thread depth of a screw, use a steel rule, micrometer, or caliper. In general, the first number in the thread designation indicates the major diameter of the thread. If a section of the screw is worn, the thread depth will be smaller, and vice versa. Therefore, it is good practice to measure the section of the screw that receives the least amount of use.
In screw manufacturing, the thread depth is measured from the crest of the screw to the root. The pitch diameter is halfway between the major and minor diameters. The lead diameter represents the amount of linear distance traveled in 1 revolution. As the lead increases, the load capacity decreases. This measurement is primarily used in the construction of screws. However, it should not be used for precision machines. The thread depth of a screw shaft is essential for achieving accurate screw installation.
To measure the thread depth of a screw shaft, the manufacturer must first determine how much material the thread is exposed to. If the thread is exposed to side loads, it can cause the nut to wedge. Because the nut will be side loaded, its thread flanks will contact the nut. The less clearance between the nut and the screw, the lower the clearance between the nut and the screw. However, if the thread is centralized, there is no risk of the nut wedgeing.

The lead of a screw shaft

Pitch and lead are 2 measurements of a screw’s linear distance per turn. They’re often used interchangeably, but their definitions are not the same. The difference between them lies in the axial distance between adjacent threads. For single-start screws, the pitch is equal to the lead, while the lead of a multi-start screw is greater than the pitch. This difference is often referred to as backlash.
There are 2 ways to calculate the pitch and lead of a screw. For single-start screws, the lead and pitch are equal. Multiple-start screws, on the other hand, have multiple starts. The pitch of a multiple-start screw is the same as its lead, but with 2 or more threads running the length of the screw shaft. A square-thread screw is a better choice in applications requiring high load-bearing capacity and minimal friction losses.
The PV curve defines the safe operating limits of lead screw assemblies. It describes the inverse relationship between contact surface pressure and sliding velocity. As the load increases, the lead screw assembly must slow down in order to prevent irreversible damage from frictional heat. Furthermore, a lead screw assembly with a polymer nut must reduce rpm as the load increases. The more speed, the lower the load capacity. But, the PV factor must be below the maximum allowed value of the material used to make the screw shaft.

The thread angle of a screw shaft

The angle between the axes of a thread and the helix of a thread is called the thread angle. A unified thread has a 60-degree angle in all directions. Screws can have either a tapped hole or a captive screw. The screw pitch is measured in millimeters (mm) and is usually equal to the screw major diameter. In most cases, the thread angle will be equal to 60-degrees.
Screws with different angles have various degrees of thread. Originally, this was a problem because of the inconsistency in the threading. However, Sellers’s thread was easier to manufacture and was soon adopted as a standard throughout the United States. The United States government began to adopt this thread standard in the mid-1800s, and several influential corporations in the railroad industry endorsed it. The resulting standard is called the United States Standard thread, and it became part of the ASA’s Vol. 1 publication.
There are 2 types of screw threads: coarse and fine. The latter is easier to tighten and achieves tension at lower torques. On the other hand, the coarse thread is deeper than the fine one, making it easier to apply torque to the screw. The thread angle of a screw shaft will vary from bolt to bolt, but they will both fit in the same screw. This makes it easier to select the correct screw.

The tapped hole (or nut) into which the screw fits

A screw can be re-threaded without having to replace it altogether. The process is different than that of a standard bolt, because it requires threading and tapping. The size of a screw is typically specified by its major and minor diameters, which is the inside distance between threads. The thread pitch, which is the distance between each thread, is also specified. Thread pitch is often expressed in threads per inch.
Screws and bolts have different thread pitches. A coarse thread has fewer threads per inch and a longer distance between threads. It is therefore larger in diameter and longer than the material it is screwed into. A coarse thread is often designated with an “A” or “B” letter. The latter is generally used in smaller-scale metalworking applications. The class of threading is called a “threaded hole” and is designated by a letter.
A tapped hole is often a complication. There is a wide range of variations between the sizes of threaded holes and nut threads, so the tapped hole is a critical dimension in many applications. However, even if you choose a threaded screw that meets the requisite tolerance, there may be a mismatch in the thread pitch. This can prevent the screw from freely rotating.

Product Description

Size: 46.5*31.5*36cm
Color: Brown( Any color on pantone card)
Package: One piece packed in a poly bag, 40 PCS in a carton
Payment terms: T/T
Sample time: 3-7days

Contact us

What Are Worm Gears and Worm Shafts?

If you’re looking for a fishing reel with a worm gear system, you’ve probably come across the term ‘worm gear’. But what are worm gears and worm shafts? And what are the advantages and disadvantages of worm gears? Let’s take a closer look! Read on to learn more about worm gears and shafts! Then you’ll be well on your way to purchasing a reel with a worm gear system.

worm gear reducers

Worm shaft reducers have a number of advantages over conventional gear reduction mechanisms. First, they’re highly efficient. While single stage worm reducers have a maximum reduction ratio of about 5 to 60, hypoid gears can typically go up to a maximum of 1 hundred and 20 times. A worm shaft reducer is only as efficient as the gearing it utilizes. This article will discuss some of the advantages of using a hypoid gear set, and how it can benefit your business.
To assemble a worm shaft reducer, first remove the flange from the motor. Then, remove the output bearing carrier and output gear assembly. Lastly, install the intermediate worm assembly through the bore opposite to the attachment housing. Once installed, you should carefully remove the bearing carrier and the gear assembly from the motor. Don’t forget to remove the oil seal from the housing and motor flange. During this process, you must use a small hammer to tap around the face of the plug near the outside diameter of the housing.
Worm gears are often used in reversing prevention systems. The backlash of a worm gear can increase with wear. However, a duplex worm gear was designed to address this problem. This type of gear requires a smaller backlash but is still highly precise. It uses different leads for the opposing tooth face, which continuously alters its tooth thickness. Worm gears can also be adjusted axially.

worm gears

There are a couple of different types of lubricants that are used in worm gears. The first, polyalkylene glycols, are used in cases where high temperature is not a concern. This type of lubricant does not contain any waxes, which makes it an excellent choice in low-temperature applications. However, these lubricants are not compatible with mineral oils or some types of paints and seals. Worm gears typically feature a steel worm and a brass wheel. The brass wheel is much easier to remodel than steel and is generally modeled as a sacrificial component.
The worm gear is most effective when it is used in small and compact applications. Worm gears can greatly increase torque or reduce speed, and they are often used where space is an issue. Worm gears are among the smoothest and quietest gear systems on the market, and their meshing effectiveness is excellent. However, the worm gear requires high-quality manufacturing to perform at its highest levels. If you’re considering a worm gear for a project, it’s important to make sure that you find a manufacturer with a long and high quality reputation.
The pitch diameters of both worm and pinion gears must match. The 2 worm cylinders in a worm wheel have the same pitch diameter. The worm wheel shaft has 2 pitch cylinders and 2 threads. They are similar in pitch diameter, but have different advancing angles. A self-locking worm gear, also known as a wormwheel, is usually self-locking. Moreover, self-locking worm gears are easy to install.

worm shafts

The deflection of worm shafts varies with toothing parameters. In addition to toothing length, worm gear size and pressure angle, worm gear size and number of helical threads are all influencing factors. These variations are modeled in the standard ISO/TS 14521 reference gear. This table shows the variations in each parameter. The ID indicates the worm shaft’s center distance. In addition, a new calculation method is presented for determining the equivalent bending diameter of the worm.
The deflection of worm shafts is investigated using a four-stage process. First, the finite element method is used to compute the deflection of a worm shaft. Then, the worm shaft is experimentally tested, comparing the results with the corresponding simulations. The final stage of the simulation is to consider the toothing geometry of 15 different worm gear toothings. The results of this step confirm the modeled results.
The lead on the right and left tooth surfaces of worms is the same. However, the lead can be varied along the worm shaft. This is called dual lead worm gear, and is used to eliminate play in the main worm gear of hobbing machines. The pitch diameters of worm modules are equal. The same principle applies to their pitch diameters. Generally, the lead angle increases as the number of threads decreases. Hence, the larger the lead angle, the less self-locking it becomes.

worm gears in fishing reels

Fishing reels usually include worm shafts as a part of the construction. Worm shafts in fishing reels allow for uniform worm winding. The worm shaft is attached to a bearing on the rear wall of the reel unit through a hole. The worm shaft’s front end is supported by a concave hole in the front of the reel unit. A conventional fishing reel may also have a worm shaft attached to the sidewall.
The gear support portion 29 supports the rear end of the pinion gear 12. It is a thick rib that protrudes from the lid portion 2 b. It is mounted on a bushing 14 b, which has a through hole through which the worm shaft 20 passes. This worm gear supports the worm. There are 2 types of worm gears available for fishing reels. The 2 types of worm gears may have different number of teeth or they may be the same.
Typical worm shafts are made of stainless steel. Stainless steel worm shafts are especially corrosion-resistant and durable. Worm shafts are used on spinning reels, spin-casting reels, and in many electrical tools. A worm shaft can be reversible, but it is not entirely reliable. There are numerous benefits of worm shafts in fishing reels. These fishing reels also feature a line winder or level winder.

worm gears in electrical tools

Worms have different tooth shapes that can help increase the load carrying capacity of a worm gear. Different tooth shapes can be used with circular or secondary curve cross sections. The pitch point of the cross section is the boundary for this type of mesh. The mesh can be either positive or negative depending on the desired torque. Worm teeth can also be inspected by measuring them over pins. In many cases, the lead thickness of a worm can be adjusted using a gear tooth caliper.
The worm shaft is fixed to the lower case section 8 via a rubber bush 13. The worm wheel 3 is attached to the joint shaft 12. The worm 2 is coaxially attached to the shaft end section 12a. This joint shaft connects to a swing arm and rotates the worm wheel 3.
The backlash of a worm gear may be increased if the worm is not mounted properly. To fix the problem, manufacturers have developed duplex worm gears, which are suitable for small backlash applications. Duplex worm gears utilize different leads on each tooth face for continuous change in tooth thickness. In this way, the center distance of the worm gear can be adjusted without changing the worm’s design.

worm gears in engines

Using worm shafts in engines has a few benefits. First of all, worm gears are quiet. The gear and worm face move in opposite directions so the energy transferred is linear. Worm gears are popular in applications where torque is important, such as elevators and lifts. Worm gears also have the advantage of being made from soft materials, making them easy to lubricate and to use in applications where noise is a concern.
Lubricants are necessary for worm gears. The viscosity of lubricants determines whether the worm is able to touch the gear or wheel. Common lubricants are ISO 680 and 460, but higher viscosity oil is not uncommon. It is essential to use the right lubricants for worm gears, since they cannot be lubricated indefinitely.
Worm gears are not recommended for engines due to their limited performance. The worm gear’s spiral motion causes a significant reduction in space, but this requires a high amount of lubrication. Worm gears are susceptible to breaking down because of the stress placed on them. Moreover, their limited speed can cause significant damage to the gearbox, so careful maintenance is essential. To make sure worm gears remain in top condition, you should inspect and clean them regularly.

Methods for manufacturing worm shafts

A novel approach to manufacturing worm shafts and gearboxes is provided by the methods of the present invention. Aspects of the technique involve manufacturing the worm shaft from a common worm shaft blank having a defined outer diameter and axial pitch. The worm shaft blank is then adapted to the desired gear ratio, resulting in a gearbox family with multiple gear ratios. The preferred method for manufacturing worm shafts and gearboxes is outlined below.
A worm shaft assembly process may involve establishing an axial pitch for a given frame size and reduction ratio. A single worm shaft blank typically has an outer diameter of 100 millimeters, which is the measurement of the worm gear set’s center distance. Upon completion of the assembly process, the worm shaft has the desired axial pitch. Methods for manufacturing worm shafts include the following:
For the design of the worm gear, a high degree of conformity is required. Worm gears are classified as a screw pair in the lower pairs. Worm gears have high relative sliding, which is advantageous when comparing them to other types of gears. Worm gears require good surface finish and rigid positioning. Worm gear lubrication usually comprises surface active additives such as silica or phosphor-bronze. Worm gear lubricants are often mixed. The lubricant film that forms on the gear teeth has little impact on wear and is generally a good lubricant.

Product Description

OUTDOOR LED SCREENS
Superior quality LED displays by FWS Led
All Sizes and Resolutions Available
Weatherproof: Made to Withstand Rain, Snow, and Any Weather
Customizable: We Can Create Any Size and Configuration
LED Rental Cabinet
Picture for 500 x 500 and 500 x 1000 Cabinet

Memorize Parameters including Brightness, Chroma Fixation Figures, and Module Parameters when power is cut.

  
     LED DISPLAYS MANUFACTURING FWS Led designs customized LED advertising screens for each project and client, so they are customized screens.    
   

 
Pre-Sales Service
1) Your inquiry related to our products or price will be replied to in 24 hours.
2) Well-trained and experienced staff to answer all your inquiries in fluent English.
3) OEM&ODM, any your customized screen we can help you to design and put into product.
4) Distributorships are offered for your unique design and some of our current models.
5) Protection of your sales area, ideas of design, and all your private information.

After-Sales Service
1. Free training: 
You can send your engineers who know electronics and information to our factory and we provide free technical training, which contains training operation and maintenance of the LED display at our factory. We also offer the instruction manual, software, test report, drawing steel structure, and so on. 
2. Installation: 
We can offer you an engineer to install the LED display, but you have to offer him two-way air tickets and accommodation, and a visa. The engineer’s salary is $80/day, or we can CZPT you to install the screen by team-viewer remote control. 
3. After-Sales Service;
If you have any questions about our product, you can inform us by mail or call, and we will reply to you in 24 hours, and offer you a good solution for your problem.

Packaging

Trade Terms
1)  Payment: T/T, usually 50% prepayment before production,
     50% balance to be paid before delivery, it also changes according to the total  quantity
2)  50% of the total price must be paid before production as a down payment. (T/T)
     The other 50% must reach the seller’s accounts on the delivery date, or the seller will hold the products. (T/T)
3)  Sample can be delivered in 10 days
4)  Shipping port: HangZhou, Mainland China
5)  Discounts are offered based on order quantities.

About Us

  Our company is named HangZhou FWS Technology Co., Ltd. was established in May 2008. It’s a high-tech enterprise which is specialized in researching, designing, manufacturing, and exporting all kinds of led displays. With qualified talents, high technology, and abundant funds, we have many offices and branches in most cities of China, so we can offer fast and perfect service to our clients.

              Our Company has a high-quality
experienced technicians and advanced modern production equipment; CZPT machine, injection molding machine, COB machine, high-temperature aging furnace, TABLE machine (point-by-point brightness debug) reflow soldering machine and several wave soldering machines, PCBA lines, automatic packaging production lines and 3,000sqm aging vertical testing stand. Fully implement strict ISO9001-2000 quality management, and strive to make every piece of LED displays, LED unit boards, modules, lighting to be the best, our products have passed the European CE, American UL certification and other related certifications.
 

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Our Clients

FAQ;
_____________________________________________________________________________________________

Q1; How do you ship the goods and how long does it take to arrive?
A: We mostly accept FOB train terms, but we can help you order and arrange a shipping agent.
It usually takes 20-30 days on the sea. a few days for customs clearance.

Q2; Is it OK to print my logo on the products?
A: Yes. Please inform us formally before our production and confirm the design firstly based on our sample.

Q3; Are you a manufacturer or trading company?
A: We are a professional OEM/ODM manufacturer specializing in the LED Display industry for more than 11 years.

Q4; How does your factory do regarding quality control?
A; Quality is a priority. Brighter people always attach great importance to quality control from the very beginning to the very end.
    We focus on every detail, Our factory has gained ISO9001, ISO14001, CE, RoHS, and FCC authentication.

Q5; Do you provide any free spare parts in each order?
A; Yes, a certain amount of spare parts will be provided for free, spare parts including modules,
    power cable, signal cable, LED lamp, IC, mask, power supply, receiving card, etc.

Q6; How about your Warranty Term?
A: 3-year warranty. Structure design, installation problem, program the screen, how to use the screen…don’t worry, we have a professional after-sale team to solve any questions after you placed an order. And your exclusive sales engineer will also help you get over any problems.

Q7; What is your best service?
A: One to 1 sales engineer to customer responsibility system. We will do:
1. Know your project and provide the best solution for it;
2. Track your order and let you know each step and detail of it;
3. Teach you how to install and use the screen;
4. Care about the subsequent use of your screen and ensure your after-sales service is well.

Applications of Spline Couplings

A spline coupling is a highly effective means of connecting 2 or more components. These types of couplings are very efficient, as they combine linear motion with rotation, and their efficiency makes them a desirable choice in numerous applications. Read on to learn more about the main characteristics and applications of spline couplings. You will also be able to determine the predicted operation and wear. You can easily design your own couplings by following the steps outlined below.

Optimal design

The spline coupling plays an important role in transmitting torque. It consists of a hub and a shaft with splines that are in surface contact without relative motion. Because they are connected, their angular velocity is the same. The splines can be designed with any profile that minimizes friction. Because they are in contact with each other, the load is not evenly distributed, concentrating on a small area, which can deform the hub surface.
Optimal spline coupling design takes into account several factors, including weight, material characteristics, and performance requirements. In the aeronautics industry, weight is an important design factor. S.A.E. and ANSI tables do not account for weight when calculating the performance requirements of spline couplings. Another critical factor is space. Spline couplings may need to fit in tight spaces, or they may be subject to other configuration constraints.
Optimal design of spline couplers may be characterized by an odd number of teeth. However, this is not always the case. If the external spline’s outer diameter exceeds a certain threshold, the optimal spline coupling model may not be an optimal choice for this application. To optimize a spline coupling for a specific application, the user may need to consider the sizing method that is most appropriate for their application.
Once a design is generated, the next step is to test the resulting spline coupling. The system must check for any design constraints and validate that it can be produced using modern manufacturing techniques. The resulting spline coupling model is then exported to an optimisation tool for further analysis. The method enables a designer to easily manipulate the design of a spline coupling and reduce its weight.
The spline coupling model 20 includes the major structural features of a spline coupling. A product model software program 10 stores default values for each of the spline coupling’s specifications. The resulting spline model is then calculated in accordance with the algorithm used in the present invention. The software allows the designer to enter the spline coupling’s radii, thickness, and orientation.

Characteristics

An important aspect of aero-engine splines is the load distribution among the teeth. The researchers have performed experimental tests and have analyzed the effect of lubrication conditions on the coupling behavior. Then, they devised a theoretical model using a Ruiz parameter to simulate the actual working conditions of spline couplings. This model explains the wear damage caused by the spline couplings by considering the influence of friction, misalignment, and other conditions that are relevant to the splines’ performance.
In order to design a spline coupling, the user first inputs the design criteria for sizing load carrying sections, including the external spline 40 of the spline coupling model 30. Then, the user specifies torque margin performance requirement specifications, such as the yield limit, plastic buckling, and creep buckling. The software program then automatically calculates the size and configuration of the load carrying sections and the shaft. These specifications are then entered into the model software program 10 as specification values.
Various spline coupling configuration specifications are input on the GUI screen 80. The software program 10 then generates a spline coupling model by storing default values for the various specifications. The user then can manipulate the spline coupling model by modifying its various specifications. The final result will be a computer-aided design that enables designers to optimize spline couplings based on their performance and design specifications.
The spline coupling model software program continually evaluates the validity of spline coupling models for a particular application. For example, if a user enters a data value signal corresponding to a parameter signal, the software compares the value of the signal entered to the corresponding value in the knowledge base. If the values are outside the specifications, a warning message is displayed. Once this comparison is completed, the spline coupling model software program outputs a report with the results.
Various spline coupling design factors include weight, material properties, and performance requirements. Weight is 1 of the most important design factors, particularly in the aeronautics field. ANSI and S.A.E. tables do not consider these factors when calculating the load characteristics of spline couplings. Other design requirements may also restrict the configuration of a spline coupling.

Applications

Spline couplings are a type of mechanical joint that connects 2 rotating shafts. Its 2 parts engage teeth that transfer load. Although splines are commonly over-dimensioned, they are still prone to fatigue and static behavior. These properties also make them prone to wear and tear. Therefore, proper design and selection are vital to minimize wear and tear on splines. There are many applications of spline couplings.
A key design is based on the size of the shaft being joined. This allows for the proper spacing of the keys. A novel method of hobbing allows for the formation of tapered bases without interference, and the root of the keys is concentric with the axis. These features enable for high production rates. Various applications of spline couplings can be found in various industries. To learn more, read on.
FE based methodology can predict the wear rate of spline couplings by including the evolution of the coefficient of friction. This method can predict fretting wear from simple round-on-flat geometry, and has been calibrated with experimental data. The predicted wear rate is reasonable compared to the experimental data. Friction evolution in spline couplings depends on the spline geometry. It is also crucial to consider the lubrication condition of the splines.
Using a spline coupling reduces backlash and ensures proper alignment of mated components. The shaft’s splined tooth form transfers rotation from the splined shaft to the internal splined member, which may be a gear or other rotary device. A spline coupling’s root strength and torque requirements determine the type of spline coupling that should be used.
The spline root is usually flat and has a crown on 1 side. The crowned spline has a symmetrical crown at the centerline of the face-width of the spline. As the spline length decreases toward the ends, the teeth are becoming thinner. The tooth diameter is measured in pitch. This means that the male spline has a flat root and a crowned spline.

Predictability

Spindle couplings are used in rotating machinery to connect 2 shafts. They are composed of 2 parts with teeth that engage each other and transfer load. Spline couplings are commonly over-dimensioned and are prone to static and fatigue behavior. Wear phenomena are also a common problem with splines. To address these issues, it is essential to understand the behavior and predictability of these couplings.
Dynamic behavior of spline-rotor couplings is often unclear, particularly if the system is not integrated with the rotor. For example, when a misalignment is not present, the main response frequency is 1 X-rotating speed. As the misalignment increases, the system starts to vibrate in complex ways. Furthermore, as the shaft orbits depart from the origin, the magnitudes of all the frequencies increase. Thus, research results are useful in determining proper design and troubleshooting of rotor systems.
The model of misaligned spline couplings can be obtained by analyzing the stress-compression relationships between 2 spline pairs. The meshing force model of splines is a function of the system mass, transmitting torque, and dynamic vibration displacement. This model holds when the dynamic vibration displacement is small. Besides, the CZPT stepping integration method is stable and has high efficiency.
The slip distributions are a function of the state of lubrication, coefficient of friction, and loading cycles. The predicted wear depths are well within the range of measured values. These predictions are based on the slip distributions. The methodology predicts increased wear under lightly lubricated conditions, but not under added lubrication. The lubrication condition and coefficient of friction are the key factors determining the wear behavior of splines.

Product Description

Product Description

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Compatible With/Replacement For:
 

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Certifications

FAQ

Q1: Are you trading company or manufacturer ?
A1: We are a trading company who has many long-term co-operated factories who have stable quality products. Each factory specializes in different series products. Our customer can make many choices.

Q8:What’s your available port of shipment?
A8:HangZhou port or ZheJiang Port.

Q9:How do you make our business long-term and good relationship?
A9:We keep good quality and competitive price to ensure our customers benefit.
We respect every customer as our friend and we sincerely do business and make friends with them,no matter where they come from.

How to Calculate Stiffness, Centering Force, Wear and Fatigue Failure of Spline Couplings

There are various types of spline couplings. These couplings have several important properties. These properties are: Stiffness, Involute splines, Misalignment, Wear and fatigue failure. To understand how these characteristics relate to spline couplings, read this article. It will give you the necessary knowledge to determine which type of coupling best suits your needs. Keeping in mind that spline couplings are usually spherical in shape, they are made of steel.

Involute splines

An effective side interference condition minimizes gear misalignment. When 2 splines are coupled with no spline misalignment, the maximum tensile root stress shifts to the left by 5 mm. A linear lead variation, which results from multiple connections along the length of the spline contact, increases the effective clearance or interference by a given percentage. This type of misalignment is undesirable for coupling high-speed equipment.
Involute splines are often used in gearboxes. These splines transmit high torque, and are better able to distribute load among multiple teeth throughout the coupling circumference. The involute profile and lead errors are related to the spacing between spline teeth and keyways. For coupling applications, industry practices use splines with 25 to 50-percent of spline teeth engaged. This load distribution is more uniform than that of conventional single-key couplings.
To determine the optimal tooth engagement for an involved spline coupling, Xiangzhen Xue and colleagues used a computer model to simulate the stress applied to the splines. The results from this study showed that a “permissible” Ruiz parameter should be used in coupling. By predicting the amount of wear and tear on a crowned spline, the researchers could accurately predict how much damage the components will sustain during the coupling process.
There are several ways to determine the optimal pressure angle for an involute spline. Involute splines are commonly measured using a pressure angle of 30 degrees. Similar to gears, involute splines are typically tested through a measurement over pins. This involves inserting specific-sized wires between gear teeth and measuring the distance between them. This method can tell whether the gear has a proper tooth profile.
The spline system shown in Figure 1 illustrates a vibration model. This simulation allows the user to understand how involute splines are used in coupling. The vibration model shows 4 concentrated mass blocks that represent the prime mover, the internal spline, and the load. It is important to note that the meshing deformation function represents the forces acting on these 3 components.

Stiffness of coupling

The calculation of stiffness of a spline coupling involves the measurement of its tooth engagement. In the following, we analyze the stiffness of a spline coupling with various types of teeth using 2 different methods. Direct inversion and blockwise inversion both reduce CPU time for stiffness calculation. However, they require evaluation submatrices. Here, we discuss the differences between these 2 methods.
The analytical model for spline couplings is derived in the second section. In the third section, the calculation process is explained in detail. We then validate this model against the FE method. Finally, we discuss the influence of stiffness nonlinearity on the rotor dynamics. Finally, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each method. We present a simple yet effective method for estimating the lateral stiffness of spline couplings.
The numerical calculation of the spline coupling is based on the semi-analytical spline load distribution model. This method involves refined contact grids and updating the compliance matrix at each iteration. Hence, it consumes significant computational time. Further, it is difficult to apply this method to the dynamic analysis of a rotor. This method has its own limitations and should be used only when the spline coupling is fully investigated.
The meshing force is the force generated by a misaligned spline coupling. It is related to the spline thickness and the transmitting torque of the rotor. The meshing force is also related to the dynamic vibration displacement. The result obtained from the meshing force analysis is given in Figures 7, 8, and 9.
The analysis presented in this paper aims to investigate the stiffness of spline couplings with a misaligned spline. Although the results of previous studies were accurate, some issues remained. For example, the misalignment of the spline may cause contact damages. The aim of this article is to investigate the problems associated with misaligned spline couplings and propose an analytical approach for estimating the contact pressure in a spline connection. We also compare our results to those obtained by pure numerical approaches.

Misalignment

To determine the centering force, the effective pressure angle must be known. Using the effective pressure angle, the centering force is calculated based on the maximum axial and radial loads and updated Dudley misalignment factors. The centering force is the maximum axial force that can be transmitted by friction. Several published misalignment factors are also included in the calculation. A new method is presented in this paper that considers the cam effect in the normal force.
In this new method, the stiffness along the spline joint can be integrated to obtain a global stiffness that is applicable to torsional vibration analysis. The stiffness of bearings can also be calculated at given levels of misalignment, allowing for accurate estimation of bearing dimensions. It is advisable to check the stiffness of bearings at all times to ensure that they are properly sized and aligned.
A misalignment in a spline coupling can result in wear or even failure. This is caused by an incorrectly aligned pitch profile. This problem is often overlooked, as the teeth are in contact throughout the involute profile. This causes the load to not be evenly distributed along the contact line. Consequently, it is important to consider the effect of misalignment on the contact force on the teeth of the spline coupling.
The centre of the male spline in Figure 2 is superposed on the female spline. The alignment meshing distances are also identical. Hence, the meshing force curves will change according to the dynamic vibration displacement. It is necessary to know the parameters of a spline coupling before implementing it. In this paper, the model for misalignment is presented for spline couplings and the related parameters.
Using a self-made spline coupling test rig, the effects of misalignment on a spline coupling are studied. In contrast to the typical spline coupling, misalignment in a spline coupling causes fretting wear at a specific position on the tooth surface. This is a leading cause of failure in these types of couplings.

Wear and fatigue failure

The failure of a spline coupling due to wear and fatigue is determined by the first occurrence of tooth wear and shaft misalignment. Standard design methods do not account for wear damage and assess the fatigue life with big approximations. Experimental investigations have been conducted to assess wear and fatigue damage in spline couplings. The tests were conducted on a dedicated test rig and special device connected to a standard fatigue machine. The working parameters such as torque, misalignment angle, and axial distance have been varied in order to measure fatigue damage. Over dimensioning has also been assessed.
During fatigue and wear, mechanical sliding takes place between the external and internal splines and results in catastrophic failure. The lack of literature on the wear and fatigue of spline couplings in aero-engines may be due to the lack of data on the coupling’s application. Wear and fatigue failure in splines depends on a number of factors, including the material pair, geometry, and lubrication conditions.
The analysis of spline couplings shows that over-dimensioning is common and leads to different damages in the system. Some of the major damages are wear, fretting, corrosion, and teeth fatigue. Noise problems have also been observed in industrial settings. However, it is difficult to evaluate the contact behavior of spline couplings, and numerical simulations are often hampered by the use of specific codes and the boundary element method.
The failure of a spline gear coupling was caused by fatigue, and the fracture initiated at the bottom corner radius of the keyway. The keyway and splines had been overloaded beyond their yield strength, and significant yielding was observed in the spline gear teeth. A fracture ring of non-standard alloy steel exhibited a sharp corner radius, which was a significant stress raiser.
Several components were studied to determine their life span. These components include the spline shaft, the sealing bolt, and the graphite ring. Each of these components has its own set of design parameters. However, there are similarities in the distributions of these components. Wear and fatigue failure of spline couplings can be attributed to a combination of the 3 factors. A failure mode is often defined as a non-linear distribution of stresses and strains.

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Pictures of Right Hand Drive 10ton Xihu (West Lake) Dis.feng 6-wheel Water Tanker Truck 

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Our main products:
1. Dump Truck / Tipper Truck/Side Tipper/End Tipper
2. Fire Fighting Truck / Fire Truck / Fire Vehicle / Fire Engine
3. Truck with crane / Truck mounted crane
4.Van truck, Cargo truck, Box truck, Refrigerated van truck
5. Concrete Mixer Truck
6.Van truck / Insulated truck/ Refrigeration truck
7. Fecal suction truck / Sewage suction truck,
8. Cement Powder Tank truck/ Bulk cement truck
9. High-altitude operation truck,
10. Self-loading garbage truck, garbage compactor truck, sealed garbage truck,
11. Semi Trailer ( flat bed trailer / skeleton trailer / dump semi trailer / side wall trailer / low bed trailer / van container trailer / warehouse trailer, etc)
12. tank semi trailer(oil tank semi trailer, water tank semi trailer, lpg tank semi trailer, chemical tank semi trailer, etc )
13.tank truck( fuel tank truck, water tank truck, LPG tank truck, chemical tank truck)

WHY CHOOSE US?
1.Experience:
10 years experience of production,sales,research and development in the field of special trucks.
2.Specialization: 
OEM&ODM is available,we can produce according to your demand, the material,the size, the color and the logo is optional for you.
3.Good Quality:
has solid technology, advanced equipments; reliant quality and flexible modes of operation also have strict quality control system and passed the ISO9001-2008 and the 3C (China Compulsory Certification),with SGS,BV certifcate as well.
4. Chassis supply: 
we have a very good long term cooperation relationship with chassis manufacturer,such as XIHU (WEST LAKE) DIS.FENG,FOTON,SINOTRUCK,SHACMAN,IVECO,FAW,HINO,CAMC,NORTH-BENZ,etc.
5. Production supply capacity
Company Scale: More than 3000 employees with 1000 acres factory, total asset 2 billion.
We manufacture the truck as soon as possible once your order confirmed. And for the stock, we can delivery it immediately.
 
Our services
1. we can send our technician to arrive the customer’s country to provide the service and also we can train customer’s workers for free.
2. free consultation forever. When you meet small problems, professional advices can help you to solve them soon.
3. One year free cost warranty.
4. Spare parts forever. When you need spare parts, we can send them to you immediately.

our advantage:
1. competitive price and excellent quality
2. more than 10 year’s experience as a manufacture
3. ccc, Iso, BV certificate
4. perfect after-sale service
5.customized products available with us
6.export covering more than 50 countries and regions
7.annual production value topped 240,000,000us dollars per year

Contact us for any question or advice

Ms. Shirley Fu

Sales Representative of Export Department

Chengli Special Automobile Co., Ltd.

Factory:Chengli Automobile Industry Park,HangZhou City,ZheJiang Province,China

Office:Room 3102,7th Building,No.299 Huaihai Road,HangZhou City,China

Web:http://cltruck

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How to tell if your driveshaft needs replacing

What is the cause of the unbalanced drive shaft? Unstable U-joint? Your car may make clicking noises while driving. If you can hear it from both sides, it might be time to hand it over to the mechanic. If you’re not sure, read on to learn more. Fortunately, there are many ways to tell if your driveshaft needs replacing.

unbalanced

An unbalanced driveshaft can be the source of strange noises and vibrations in your vehicle. To fix this problem, you should contact a professional. You can try a number of things to fix it, including welding and adjusting the weight. The following are the most common methods. In addition to the methods above, you can use standardized weights to balance the driveshaft. These standardized weights are attached to the shaft by welders.
An unbalanced drive shaft typically produces lateral vibrations per revolution. This type of vibration is usually caused by a damaged shaft, missing counterweights, or a foreign object stuck on the drive shaft. On the other hand, torsional vibrations occur twice per revolution, and they are caused by shaft phase shifts. Finally, critical speed vibration occurs when the RPM of the drive shaft exceeds its rated capacity. If you suspect a driveshaft problem, check the following:
Manually adjusting the imbalance of a drive shaft is not the easiest task. To avoid the difficulty of manual balancing, you can choose to use standardized weights. These weights are fixed on the outer circumference of the drive shaft. The operator can manually position the weight on the shaft with special tools, or use a robot. However, manual balancers have many disadvantages.

unstable

When the angular velocity of the output shaft is not constant, it is unstable. The angular velocity of the output shaft is 0.004 at ph = 29.5 and 1.9 at t = 1.9. The angular velocity of the intermediate shaft is not a problem. But when it’s unstable, the torque applied to it is too much for the machine. It might be a good idea to check the tension on the shaft.
An unstable drive shaft can cause a lot of noise and mechanical vibration. It can lead to premature shaft fatigue failure. CZPT studies the effect of shaft vibration on the rotor bearing system. They investigated the effect of flex coupling misalignment on the vibration of the rotor bearing system. They assume that the vibrational response has 2 components: x and y. However, this approach has limited application in many situations.
Experimental results show that the presence of cracks in the output shaft may mask the unbalanced excitation characteristics. For example, the presence of superharmonic peaks on the spectrum is characteristic of cracks. The presence of cracks in the output shaft masks unbalanced excitation characteristics that cannot be detected in the transient response of the input shaft. Figure 8 shows that the frequency of the rotor increases at critical speed and decreases as the shaft passes the natural frequency.

Unreliable

If you’re having trouble driving your car, chances are you’ve run into an unreliable driveshaft. This type of drivetrain can cause the wheels to stick or not turn at all, and also limit the overall control of the car. Whatever the reason, these issues should be resolved as soon as possible. Here are some symptoms to look for when diagnosing a driveshaft fault. Let’s take a closer look.
The first symptom you may notice is an unreliable drive shaft. You may feel vibrations, or hear noises under the vehicle. Depending on the cause, it could be a broken joint or a broken shaft. The good news is that driveshaft repairs are generally relatively inexpensive and take less time than a complete drivetrain replacement. If you’re not sure what to do, CZPT has a guide to replacing the U-connector.
One of the most common signs of an unreliable driveshaft is clanging and vibration. These sounds can be caused by worn bushings, loose U-joints, or damaged center bearings. This can cause severe vibration and noise. You can also feel these vibrations through the steering wheel or the floor. An unreliable driveshaft is a symptom of a bigger problem.

Unreliable U-joints

A car with an unreliable U-joint on the drive shaft can be dangerous. A bad u-joint can prevent the vehicle from driving properly and may even cause you trouble. Unreliable u-joints are cheap to replace and you should try getting parts from quality manufacturers. Unreliable U-joints can cause the car to vibrate in the chassis or gear lever. This is a sure sign that your car has been neglected in maintenance.
Replacing a U-joint is not a complicated task, but it requires special tools and a lot of elbow grease. If you don’t have the right tools, or you’re unfamiliar with mechanical terminology, it’s best to seek the help of a mechanic. A professional mechanic will be able to accurately assess the problem and propose an appropriate solution. But if you don’t feel confident enough, you can replace your own U-connector by following a few simple steps.
To ensure the vehicle’s driveshaft is not damaged, check the U-joint for wear and lubrication. If the U-joint is worn, the metal parts are likely to rub against each other, causing wear. The sooner a problem is diagnosed, the faster it can be resolved. Also, the longer you wait, the more you lose on repairs.

damaged drive shaft

The driveshaft is the part of the vehicle that connects the wheels. If the driveshaft is damaged, the wheels may stop turning and the vehicle may slow down or stop moving completely. It bears the weight of the car itself as well as the load on the road. So even a slight bend or break in the drive shaft can have dire consequences. Even a piece of loose metal can become a lethal missile if dropped from a vehicle.
If you hear a screeching noise or growl from your vehicle when shifting gears, your driveshaft may be damaged. When this happens, damage to the u-joint and excessive slack in the drive shaft can result. These conditions can further damage the drivetrain, including the front half. You should replace the driveshaft as soon as you notice any symptoms. After replacing the driveshaft, you can start looking for signs of wear.
A knocking sound is a sign of damage to the drive shaft. If you hear this sound while driving, it may be due to worn couplings, damaged propshaft bearings, or damaged U-joints. In some cases, the knocking noise can even be caused by a damaged U-joint. When this happens, you may need to replace the entire driveshaft, requiring a new one.

Maintenance fees

The cost of repairing a driveshaft varies widely, depending on the type and cause of the problem. A new driveshaft costs between $300 and $1,300, including labor. Repairing a damaged driveshaft can cost anywhere from $200 to $300, depending on the time required and the type of parts required. Symptoms of a damaged driveshaft include unresponsiveness, vibration, chassis noise and a stationary car.
The first thing to consider when estimating the cost of repairing a driveshaft is the type of vehicle you have. Some vehicles have more than one, and the parts used to make them may not be compatible with other cars. Even if the same car has 2 driveshafts, the damaged ones will cost more. Fortunately, many auto repair shops offer free quotes to repair damaged driveshafts, but be aware that such work can be complicated and expensive.

Product Description

We have kinds of options regarding the wheels size, battery packs,brake levers, 
tires, controllers, etc.
Motors could be 250w/350w/500w/750w/1000w/1500w/2000w/3000w.
Any comments and requirements are welcome

Company Information
HangZhou Aimos Technology Co.,Ltd, located in HangZhou City, ZheJiang  Province,one hour hi-speed 
train from ZheJiang  and HangZhou.
The company is engaged in export kinds of electric products and techniques of Electric Bikes , electric
bike kits, and electric scooters, and so on.

Our Services

1. Our products are targeted for the overseas demanding market, and we have a strong sense of
   responsibility for the quality, we consider quality as our life.

2. We choose good suppliers to work together; the main fittings are mostly from Japan, ZheJiang
    and other  top suppliers.

3. We carry on periodic training to our staffs, in order to enhance their consciousness of quality.

4. All the components should be checked carefully before assembling, thus, we can make sure that
    the broken or deficient components will not be fixed to the electric bikes.

5. Each electric bikes will be strictly inspected before packing and shipping out to insure that the
    could be satisfied with you.

6. We always try to improve the quality of our products, meanwhile we pay much attention to our    
     customer service,  we will provide a certain amount of free spare part to you when you
     place a quantity order, quality problems will be solved at the first time when you come across it.

FAQ

1. Q: Can I get some samples? 
    A:we offer sample for quality check. Considering electric bike as big item with certern value,we don’t
       offer free sample and transportation fee is not contained in sample price .

2. Q: Do you have the products in stock? 
    A:  we do have product in stock for demestic sale,it may not suit your demand.

3. Q: What’s the delivery time? 
    A: It usually takes about 15-25 working days
         But the exact delivery time might be different for different orders or at different time.Once we
         confirmed all detail of order, we’ll put all source into it.

4. Q: Can I mix different models in 1 container? 
    A: Yes, different models can be mixed in 1 container.

5. Q: Should we pay the high taxes? 
    A:  We can make a low-value invoice to help you clearing Customs and avoid the taxes.

6. Q:Do you accept Paypal ? 
    A: Yes, we accept Paypal. Besides, we offer bank transfer and Western Union.

7. Q:Why choose you?
    A:Strong quality controll : We test and check all the parts before on produce line
       Check and test esch unit when it ready.

8.Q:When you on the line for service
A: We ussally on the line at 8:30am to 5:30pm ZheJiang time. Otherwise,
     We also can do service for you after the working time.

9.Q:Are you a factory or a import and export company?
   A:We are a manufacture ,So as a professional manufacture we not only can supply the bike we
       have, We also can design for you if you have the draft.

How to Identify a Faulty Drive Shaft

The most common problems associated with automotive driveshafts include clicking and rubbing noises. While driving, the noise from the driver’s seat is often noticeable. An experienced auto mechanic can easily identify whether the sound is coming from both sides or from 1 side. If you notice any of these signs, it’s time to send your car in for a proper diagnosis. Here’s a guide to determining if your car’s driveshaft is faulty:

Symptoms of Driveshaft Failure

If you’re having trouble turning your car, it’s time to check your vehicle’s driveshaft. A bad driveshaft can limit the overall control of your car, and you should fix it as soon as possible to avoid further problems. Other symptoms of a propshaft failure include strange noises from under the vehicle and difficulty shifting gears. Squeaking from under the vehicle is another sign of a faulty driveshaft.
If your driveshaft fails, your car will stop. Although the engine will still run, the wheels will not turn. You may hear strange noises from under the vehicle, but this is a rare symptom of a propshaft failure. However, you will have plenty of time to fix the problem. If you don’t hear any noise, the problem is not affecting your vehicle’s ability to move.
The most obvious signs of a driveshaft failure are dull sounds, squeaks or vibrations. If the drive shaft is unbalanced, it is likely to damage the transmission. It will require a trailer to remove it from your vehicle. Apart from that, it can also affect your car’s performance and require repairs. So if you hear these signs in your car, be sure to have it checked by a mechanic right away.

Drive shaft assembly

When designing a propshaft, the design should be based on the torque required to drive the vehicle. When this torque is too high, it can cause irreversible failure of the drive shaft. Therefore, a good drive shaft design should have a long service life. Here are some tips to help you design a good driveshaft. Some of the main components of the driveshaft are listed below.
Snap Ring: The snap ring is a removable part that secures the bearing cup assembly in the yoke cross hole. It also has a groove for locating the snap ring. Spline: A spline is a patented tubular machined element with a series of ridges that fit into the grooves of the mating piece. The bearing cup assembly consists of a shaft and end fittings.
U-joint: U-joint is required due to the angular displacement between the T-shaped housing and the pinion. This angle is especially large in raised 4x4s. The design of the U-joint must guarantee a constant rotational speed. Proper driveshaft design must account for the difference in angular velocity between the shafts. The T-bracket and output shaft are attached to the bearing caps at both ends.

U-joint

Your vehicle has a set of U-joints on the driveshaft. If your vehicle needs to be replaced, you can do it yourself. You will need a hammer, ratchet and socket. In order to remove the U-joint, you must first remove the bearing cup. In some cases you will need to use a hammer to remove the bearing cup, you should be careful as you don’t want to damage the drive shaft. If you cannot remove the bearing cup, you can also use a vise to press it out.
There are 2 types of U-joints. One is held by a yoke and the other is held by a c-clamp. A full ring is safer and ideal for vehicles that are often used off-road. In some cases, a full circle can be used to repair a c-clamp u-joint.
In addition to excessive torque, extreme loads and improper lubrication are common causes of U-joint failure. The U-joint on the driveshaft can also be damaged if the engine is modified. If you are driving a vehicle with a heavily modified engine, it is not enough to replace the OE U-joint. In this case, it is important to take the time to properly lubricate these components as needed to keep them functional.

tube yoke

QU40866 Tube Yoke is a common replacement for damaged or damaged driveshaft tubes. They are desirably made of a metallic material, such as an aluminum alloy, and include a hollow portion with a lug structure at 1 end. Tube yokes can be manufactured using a variety of methods, including casting and forging. A common method involves drawing solid elements and machining them into the final shape. The resulting components are less expensive to produce, especially when compared to other forms.
The tube fork has a connection point to the driveshaft tube. The lug structure provides attachment points for the gimbal. Typically, the driveshaft tube is 5 inches in diameter and the lug structure is 4 inches in diameter. The lug structure also serves as a mounting point for the drive shaft. Once installed, Tube Yoke is easy to maintain. There are 2 types of lug structures: 1 is forged tube yoke and the other is welded.
Heavy-duty series drive shafts use bearing plates to secure the yoke to the U-joint. All other dimensions are secured with external snap rings. Yokes are usually machined to accept U-bolts. For some applications, grease fittings are used. This attachment is more suitable for off-road vehicles and performance vehicles.

end yoke

The end yoke of the drive shaft is an integral part of the drive train. Choosing a high-quality end yoke will help ensure long-term operation and prevent premature failure. Pat’s Driveline offers a complete line of automotive end yokes for power take-offs, differentials and auxiliary equipment. They can also measure your existing parts and provide you with high quality replacements.
A U-bolt is an industrial fastener with threaded legs. When used on a driveshaft, it provides greater stability in unstable terrain. You can purchase a U-bolt kit to secure the pinion carrier to the drive shaft. U-bolts also come with lock washers and nuts. Performance cars and off-road vehicles often use this type of attachment. But before you install it, you have to make sure the yoke is machined to accept it.
End yokes can be made of aluminum or steel and are designed to provide strength. It also offers special bolt styles for various applications. CZPT’s drivetrain is also stocked with a full line of automotive flange yokes. The company also produces custom flanged yokes for many popular brands. Since the company has a comprehensive line of replacement flange yokes, it can help you transform your drivetrain from non-serviceable to serviceable.

bushing

The first step in repairing or replacing an automotive driveshaft is to replace worn or damaged bushings. These bushings are located inside the drive shaft to provide a smooth, safe ride. The shaft rotates in a rubber sleeve. If a bushing needs to be replaced, you should first check the manual for recommendations. Some of these components may also need to be replaced, such as the clutch or swingarm.